🔤 Word-formation & Function: Participle Adjectives
😊 Expressing Feelings & Emotions
1ère Bac Sciences Mathématiques SM
📌 Introduction
Participle adjectives (ending in -ed and -ing) help you express **feelings and emotions** clearly. They are essential for speaking exams and writing about personal experiences.
Science Tip: “After the experiment, I was surprised by the results. The video was amazing!”
🔤 Word-formation: -ed vs -ing
Formation Rules
-ed = how a person feels
→ interested, bored, excited, surprised
-ing = the thing or event that causes the feeling
→ interesting, boring, exciting, surprising
Example: “I am interested in Biology. The lesson was interesting.”
📚 Common Participle Adjectives
-ed (Feelings)
- excited – I am excited about the trip
- bored – I was bored during the lecture
- surprised – She was surprised by the result
- tired – We are tired after the exam
- interested – He is interested in science
- disappointed – They were disappointed with the grade
-ing (Causes)
- exciting – The football match was exciting
- boring – The movie was boring
- surprising – The discovery was surprising
- tiring – The experiment was tiring
- interesting – This documentary is interesting
- disappointing – The results were disappointing
Science Example: “We were shocked by the results. The video about DNA was amazing!”
📌 Key Rule: Who is affected?
-ed → describes people (how they feel)
“I am bored.”
-ing → describes things, events, or actions (what causes the feeling)
“This lesson is boring.”
More Examples
“The surprising result made us feel surprised.”
“She was interested in the interesting article.”
“We were tired after the tiring lab work.”
✅ Exercise 1: Choose -ed or -ing
Complete with the correct form:
1. The science fair was very ___ (excite).
2. I was ___ (bore) during the long lecture.
3. The ___ (surprise) news made us feel ___ (surprise).
✍️ Exercise 2: Write Sentences
Write 3 sentences using participle adjectives. Use:
- One -ed adjective (feeling)
- One -ing adjective (cause)
- A science or school context
📌 Summary
- -ed = how **people** feel (I am excited)
- -ing = what **causes** the feeling (The movie is exciting)
- Always ask: Who is feeling? → use -ed
- What is causing it? → use -ing
- In science: “The surprising result made us feel surprised.”
